Citrus
Citrus canker is caused by a bacteria that penetrates citrus trees through stomata or wounded tissue.The disease favors high humidity that is combined with warm weather conditions. Citrus canker can spread by winds, rain or water splashes, and it can be transmitted mechanically through using contaminated tools.
Initial symptoms of citrus canker are small lesions on leaves that might resemble blisters. Later on, the blisters develop into brownish necrotic-like elevated corky lesions often surrounded by a yellow halo. On twigs, citrus canker appears corky, which is often surrounded by water-soaked margins. On fruits, citrus canker appears as brown scab-like or corky lesions and appear as elevated tissue.
Generally speaking, once a tree is infected with the bacteria, the tree begins to slowly decline towards the death. The fruits and foliage tend to drop prematurely and infected fruits that have canker signs are not marketable. Citrus canker has the ability to decimate entire orchards and poses a huge risk to the whole citrus industry.
Kebersihan area penanaman adalah hal terpenting, hindarkan tanaman dari gulma, sisa-sisa tanaman, bagian tanaman yang rusak, pertumbuhan tanaman yang tidak di ingginkan dan tanaman lain yang bukan merupakan tanaman utama budidaya.
Perlu dilakukan sterilisasi alat pertanian khususnya yang terinfeksi oleh penyakit dan mencegah penyebaran penyakit.
Penghalau tanaman dapat membatu mengurangi sebaran dari kangker, terutama untuk area endemik dikarenakan sebaran infeksi baru banyak dipengaruhi oleh hujan angin.
Perlu dilakukan penyemprotan yang intensif dengan menggunakan copper dengan tujuan sebagai proteksi buah dan daun dari serangan penyakit karena tidak adanya kontrol kimia yang efektif
Control terhadap larva lepidotera adalah sangat penting dikarenakan dapat membuat jaringan daun mudah terinfeksi.
*Names marked in red are considered to be highly poisonous to beneficial insects.
*Names marked in green are considered to be organic and IPM (integrated pest management) compatible.