Bercak putih

Class: Jamur
Common Name: Bercak putih
Scientific Name: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Potential Host:

Eggplant, strawberry, peppers, tomatoes, basil, tarragon, mint, cabbage, cauliflower, pea, beans, lettuce, cucumber, squash, melon, pumpkin, zucchini, and watermelon

Who Am I?

White mold is a common fungal disease that appears on several hundreds of host plants and has worldwide dispersion. White mold favors high moisture conditions and develops primarily during winter time.

White mold infection generally starts with the germination of large black sclerotia (survival bodies) found within the soil. Sclerotia forms apothecia (i.e., spore-bearing structures, tiny saucer-like structures, and cup-shaped mushroom structures).

Changes to the relative humidity, below the canopy, can trigger apothecia to release ascospores into the air. In turn, these spores land on different plant parts. With time, mycelium will grow and invade injured and healthy tissues. Germination on leaves can occur only in the presence of free water such as rain, sprinkler irrigation, and dew.

Dense, fuzzy, cottony-like, white mycelium will develop on infected tissues sometimes accompanied by the formation of sclerotia when humidity conditions permit.

White mold favors relatively low temperatures between 8 and 20°C and exhibits saprophytic potential. White mold can remain in the soil for 8-10 years.

Control Measures

Tanaman atau bibit yang tahan terhadap penyakit merupakan syarat penting dalam budidaya.

Untuk mengurangi terjadinya infeksi pada pertumbuhan tanaman diperlukan beberapa teknik dan cara.

Jarak tanam sangat penting dalam budidaya, tanaman harus terhindar dari kerapatan yang tinggi dengan tujuan sebaran cahaya dapat terserap sempurna keseluruh bagian tanaman. Jika kerapatan tanaman tinggi menyebabkan daun dan buah-buah cepat kering pada saat kelembaban udara tinggi.

Bagian tanaman yang rusak tidak diperbolehkan berada disekitar area penanaman, hal ini akan mempermudah sebaran hama dan penyakit. Begituhalnya dengan sterilisasi dari alat-alat pertanian yang telah terinfeksi penyakit harus di hindarkan ke area penanaman terutama area yang basah.

Jika jaringan tanaman tertutup dan tidak terluka, memperpendek durasi musim basah dengan mempercepat pengeringan daun dikarenakan sirkulasi udara yang baik dan kondisi lingkungan yang bersih.

Drainase tanah sangat penting dikarenakan jika terdapat genangan air akan meningkatkan sebaran penyakit.

Untuk menjaga kelembaban tanah terdapat beberapa teknik salah satunya menggunakan polyethylene untuk mengurangi penguapan dalam tanam.

Produk yang digunakan oleh satu atau sebagian dari dunia adalah mengandung bahan aktif sebagai berikut:

cyprodinil+fludioxonil, pyrimethanil, benomyl, thiram, iprodione, procymidone, vinclozolin, dan carbendazim.

Tidak dianjurkan menggunakan produk dengan bahan aktif yang sama secara terus menerus dikarenakan akan mengakibatkan resistensi hama pada bahan aktif tertentu.

Produk berdasarkan tea-tree oil dan potassium hydrogen carbonate+copper sulfate.

Bacillus subtilis

*Names marked in red are considered to be highly poisonous to beneficial insects.

*Names marked in green are considered to be organic and IPM (integrated pest management) compatible.

Caution and careful notice should be taken when using any plant protection products (insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides). It is the grower’s sole responsibility to keep track of the legal uses and permissions with respect to the laws in their country and destination markets. Always read the instructions written on labels, and in a case of contradiction, work in accordance to the product label. Keep in mind that information written on the label usually applies to local markets. Pest control products intended for organic farming are generally considered to be less effective in comparison to conventional products. When dealing with organic, biologic, and to some extent a small number of conventional chemical products, a complete eradication of a pest or disease will often require several iterations of a specific treatment or combination of treatments.

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