Bakteri bintik daun

Class: Bakteri
Common Name: Bakteri bintik daun
Scientific Name: Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria
Potential Host:

Tomato and pepper

Who Am I?

Bacterial leaf spot is a common disease of peppers and tomatoes that occurs throughout the world and favors high humidity and warm weather conditions. Contaminated seeds and infected plant debris from previous seasons are common sources of infection. The bacteria enters plant tissues through stomates and hydathodes or through injured tissues. Symptoms will appear within a week if conditions are permissible. After bacterial leaf spot is introduced to the field, the bacteria can spread from plant-to-plant through splashing water, contaminated tools, and workers on the field.

The initial symptoms include the formation of water-soaked spots on foliage, which become dark with time. Lower leaves tend to suffer the most and fall from plants when infestations are high. Affected leaves might exhibit chlorosis, while the spots themselves are sometimes encircled with yellow halos. Small elongated, brown-black spots may develop on petioles and along the stems. As the disease progresses, the spots cover more of the foliage surface which eventually collides and creates large necrotic areas. The symptoms on the fruit manifest as small, brown irregular shaped scabs.

Control Measures

Tanaman atau bibit yang tahan terhadap penyakit merupakan syarat penting dalam budidaya.

Untuk mengurangi terjadinya infeksi pada pertumbuhan tanaman diperlukan beberapa teknik dan cara.

Jarak tanam sangat penting dalam budidaya, tanaman harus terhindar dari kerapatan yang tinggi dengan tujuan sebaran cahaya dapat terserap sempurna keseluruh bagian tanaman. Jika kerapatan tanaman tinggi menyebabkan daun dan buah-buah cepat kering pada saat kelembaban udara tinggi.

Bagian tanaman yang rusak tidak diperbolehkan berada disekitar area penanaman, hal ini akan mempermudah sebaran hama dan penyakit. Begituhalnya dengan sterilisasi dari alat-alat pertanian yang telah terinfeksi penyakit harus di hindarkan ke area penanaman terutama area yang basah.

Jika jaringan tanaman tertutup dan tidak terluka, memperpendek durasi musim basah dengan mempercepat pengeringan daun dikarenakan sirkulasi udara yang baik dan kondisi lingkungan yang bersih.

Drainase tanah sangat penting dikarenakan jika terdapat genangan air akan meningkatkan sebaran penyakit.

Untuk menjaga kelembaban tanah terdapat beberapa teknik salah satunya menggunakan polyethylene untuk mengurangi penguapan dalam tanam.

Produk yang digunakan oleh satu atau sebagian dari dunia adalah mengandung bahan aktif sebagai berikut:

Untuk tanaman sayuran produk cyromazine, thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, milbemectin dan chlorantraniliprole yang paling effektif.

*Names marked in red are considered to be highly poisonous to beneficial insects.

*Names marked in green are considered to be organic and IPM (integrated pest management) compatible.

Caution and careful notice should be taken when using any plant protection products (insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides). It is the grower’s sole responsibility to keep track of the legal uses and permissions with respect to the laws in their country and destination markets. Always read the instructions written on labels, and in a case of contradiction, work in accordance to the product label. Keep in mind that information written on the label usually applies to local markets. Pest control products intended for organic farming are generally considered to be less effective in comparison to conventional products. When dealing with organic, biologic, and to some extent a small number of conventional chemical products, a complete eradication of a pest or disease will often require several iterations of a specific treatment or combination of treatments.

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