Bercak abu-abu

Class: Jamur
Common Name: Bercak abu-abu
Scientific Name: Botrytis cinerea
Potential Host:

Strawberry, raspberry, blueberry, oregano, basil, sunflower, cabbage, cauliflower, pea, rose, chrysanthemum, lettuce, cucumber, squash, melon, pumpkin, zucchini, watermelon, peppers, grapevines, tomatoes, apples, and hundreds more.

Who Am I?

Botrytis cinerea is a common fungal disease with worldwide dispersion; it develops primarily during winter time in open fields and closed structures, but tends to appear on crops growing inside covered structures. It favors high moisture conditions.

Botrytis cinerea is saprophytic, meaning it can live on dead plant debris. Its life cycle includes mycelia, conidia (for dispersal) and sclerotia (for survival). Mycelia will germinate when conditions are suitable and produce conidia that will spread with the release of spores from infected plant tissues by wind, water splashes, and mechanical means.

Botrytis cinerea has a tendency to attack injured plant tissues. Infection generally begins after spores enter an existing wound. Spores can develop in broad temperatures ranging from 8 to 20°C. As the disease progresses, a dense gray-brown fuzzy mycelium forms and causes infected tissue to dry. Botrytis cinerea can also occur post-harvest.

Control Measures

Tanaman atau bibit yang tahan terhadap penyakit merupakan syarat penting dalam budidaya.

Untuk mengurangi terjadinya infeksi pada pertumbuhan tanaman diperlukan beberapa teknik dan cara.

Jarak tanam sangat penting dalam budidaya, tanaman harus terhindar dari kerapatan yang tinggi dengan tujuan sebaran cahaya dapat terserap sempurna keseluruh bagian tanaman. Jika kerapatan tanaman tinggi menyebabkan daun dan buah-buah cepat kering pada saat kelembaban udara tinggi.

Bagian tanaman yang rusak tidak diperbolehkan berada disekitar area penanaman, hal ini akan mempermudah sebaran hama dan penyakit. Begituhalnya dengan sterilisasi dari alat-alat pertanian yang telah terinfeksi penyakit harus di hindarkan ke area penanaman terutama area yang basah.

Jika jaringan tanaman tertutup dan tidak terluka, memperpendek durasi musim basah dengan mempercepat pengeringan daun dikarenakan sirkulasi udara yang baik dan kondisi lingkungan yang bersih.

Drainase tanah sangat penting dikarenakan jika terdapat genangan air akan meningkatkan sebaran penyakit.

Untuk menjaga kelembaban tanah terdapat beberapa teknik salah satunya menggunakan polyethylene untuk mengurangi penguapan dalam tanam.

Tidak dianjurkan menggunakan produk dengan bahan aktif yang sama secara terus menerus dikarenakan akan mengakibatkan resistensi hama pada bahan aktif tertentu.

Produk yang digunakan oleh satu atau sebagian dari dunia adalah mengandung bahan aktif sebagai berikut:

cyprodinil+fludioxonil, fenhexamid, pyrimethanil, dan iprodione.

Produk berdasarkan tea-tree oil dan potassium hydrogen carbonate+copper sulfate.

Bacillus subtilis

*Names marked in red are considered to be highly poisonous to beneficial insects.

*Names marked in green are considered to be organic and IPM (integrated pest management) compatible.

Caution and careful notice should be taken when using any plant protection products (insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides). It is the grower’s sole responsibility to keep track of the legal uses and permissions with respect to the laws in their country and destination markets. Always read the instructions written on labels, and in a case of contradiction, work in accordance to the product label. Keep in mind that information written on the label usually applies to local markets. Pest control products intended for organic farming are generally considered to be less effective in comparison to conventional products. When dealing with organic, biologic, and to some extent a small number of conventional chemical products, a complete eradication of a pest or disease will often require several iterations of a specific treatment or combination of treatments.

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